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Glossary

What Is a URL?

A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is the address used to access a resource on a network. It encodes the protocol, server, path, and optional parameters into a single string — and has strict rules about which characters are allowed and how to encode the rest.

The One-Line Definition

A URL is a string that identifies both the location of a resource and the protocol used to access it. It is defined by RFC 3986 and has the generic form: scheme://authority/path?query#fragment.

Anatomy of a URL

Consider: https://example.com:8080/tools/url-parser?page=2&sort=date#faq

ComponentExample valueDescription
schemehttpsThe protocol to use when accessing the resource. Common values: https, http, ftp, mailto, ws.
authorityuser:pass@example.com:8080Optional userinfo (user:pass@), the host (domain or IP), and optional port. Most URLs omit userinfo.
path/tools/url-parserHierarchical identifier for the resource within the host. Always begins with / when an authority is present.
query?page=2&sort=dateOptional. Begins with ?. Contains key=value pairs separated by &, passing data to the server or JavaScript.
fragment#faqOptional. Begins with #. Identifies a section within the document. Never sent to the server — used only by the browser.

URL Encoding (Percent-Encoding)

URLs may only contain a limited set of ASCII characters. Characters outside this set — spaces, non-ASCII Unicode, and reserved characters used as delimiters — must be percent-encoded: replaced with a % followed by two hexadecimal digits representing the UTF-8 byte.

RawPercent-encoded
hello worldhello%20world
name=Ada Lovelacename=Ada%20Lovelace
tags=a&btags=a%26b
price=£10price=%C2%A310
日本語%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E

URL vs URI

URI — identifiesA URI names or identifies a resource. It may or may not include how to locate it. Example: urn:isbn:0451450523 is a URI that identifies a book but doesn't tell you where to get it.
URL — locatesA URL is a URI that also tells you how to access the resource — the scheme specifies the protocol. All URLs are URIs; most URIs developers encounter daily are URLs.

Parse or Encode a URL Now

Paste any URL into SmartDevBox and it is parsed into its components automatically. URL Parser → · URL Encoder → · URL Decoder →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is URL encoding?

URL encoding (percent-encoding) replaces unsafe characters with % followed by two hex digits representing the UTF-8 byte. A space becomes %20, & becomes %26.

What is the difference between a URL and a URI?

A URI identifies a resource. A URL is a URI that also specifies how to access it (via a scheme like https). All URLs are URIs.

What is a query string?

The portion after ? in a URL. Contains key=value pairs separated by &. Used to pass parameters to the server or client-side JavaScript.

How do I parse a URL online?

Paste your URL into SmartDevBox. It auto-detects URLs and breaks them into scheme, host, port, path, query parameters, and fragment — all client-side.

URL ParserBreaks any URL into scheme, host, port, path, query params, and fragment.
URL EncoderPercent-encodes a string for safe use in a URL.
URL DecoderDecodes percent-encoded URL components back to readable text.
What Is Base64 Encoding?Base64url is a URL-safe variant of Base64 used in JWTs.