What Is a Cron Expression?
A cron expression is a compact, 5-field string that tells the cron scheduler when to run a recurring job. Fields represent minute, hour, day-of-month, month, and day-of-week. Mastering a handful of special characters lets you express almost any schedule — from "every 15 minutes" to "noon on the first of every month."
The One-Line Definition
A cron expression is a string of 5 space-separated fields — minute hour day-of-month month day-of-week — that defines when a recurring task should run on a Unix-like system.
The 5 Fields
| Position | Field | Allowed values | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Minute | 0–59 | |
| 2 | Hour | 0–23 | 0 = midnight |
| 3 | Day of month | 1–31 | ? in some implementations means "any" |
| 4 | Month | 1–12 | Also JAN–DEC |
| 5 | Day of week | 0–7 | 0 and 7 both mean Sunday. Also SUN–SAT |
Special Characters & Aliases
Common Schedule Examples
| Expression | Plain English |
|---|---|
| 0 9 * * 1-5 | Every weekday at 09:00 |
| */15 * * * * | Every 15 minutes |
| 0 0 * * * | Every day at midnight |
| 0 12 1 * * | At noon on the 1st of every month |
| 30 18 * * 5 | Every Friday at 18:30 |
| 0 */6 * * * | Every 6 hours (00:00, 06:00, 12:00, 18:00) |
Parse a Cron Expression Now
Paste any cron expression into SmartDevBox and it explains each field in plain English and lists the next run times. Open the Cron Parser →
Frequently Asked Questions
What does "0 9 * * 1-5" mean?
Minute 0, hour 9, every day of month, every month, Monday–Friday. Plain English: run at 09:00 every weekday.
What is the difference between cron and crontab?
Cron is the background scheduler daemon. A crontab is the file listing schedules for a user. Edit yours with "crontab -e".
How do I parse a cron expression online?
Paste it into SmartDevBox. It auto-detects cron format and explains every field, then shows next run times.